Definition: Tunisia is an Arab country in North Africa. The name itself means "Land of the Two Nile". It lies in western part of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Egypt to the west, Libya to the east, Algeria to the north and Caspian Sea to the south. Its capital is Tunis. The capital city of Tunisia is Tunis. This city is located on the Mediterranean coast. The country's official language is Arabic. The official language of the country is French but it also has many other minority languages like Berber, Hausa, Getc, Ghanan, Gurmukhi, Hausa-Guyanese, Sardinian and other languages. Tunisia has a Mediterranean climate with hot summers and mild winters. The capital city of Tunis receives over 3000 hours of sunshine per year. It is also located in the shadow region of the Sahara Desert and therefore, there is high desertification. This makes Tunisia an important food source for the people living there. Tunisia is one of the largest producer of cotton in Africa and world's fifth largest producer of cotton after China, India, USA and Japan. It has cotton industry as well. Tunisian cotton also used to be famous for being exported all over the world but due to COVID-19 pandemic it has become less popular. Tunisia is a fast developing country with huge potential in tourism sector. The country's tourist destination are cities like Tripoli, Rabat and Casablanca. They have many museums, historic places, cultural centers, beaches, resorts and other tourist attractions. It also has strong agricultural sector as well. The population of Tunisia is 41 million, which includes people from different nationalities like Arabians, Berbers, Algerians, Ghanans, Hausa, Hutsul, Guineans, Libyans, Moroccans, Nigerians, Sahawites and others. There are many minorities in the country. Tunisia has a large population of Christians (20% of the total population) but also Muslims and other religious groups like Druze, Jews, Sikhs, Hindus, Bahaars, Assyrians, Tigrayans, Zohari and others. The population is divided into three main groups: Christian minorities, Muslim minority and other minorities. Tunisia has a strong economy with GDP of around 29 billion euros (as of 2021), according to the World Bank. It also has a good standard of living with low unemployment rate which is about 7% for urban areas, but it's higher in rural parts like Tunisia. The country has developed its oil industry and now it produces more than one billion barrels of oil per year. The energy sector is an important part of the economy. Tunisia has a rich cultural heritage including music, poetry, literature, art, film, theater, and other forms of expression. Tunisian culture is based on Islamic traditions and Islam as well. It was founded on the teachings of Prophet Muhammad during his life. The city of Tunis is famous for its mosques and palaces. Tunisia has a long history dating back to 10th century BC when it was called "Mauritania". The country's name can be traced back to Roman, Greek and Persian empires. Tunisia's independence from the UK in 1956 marked the beginning of its modern era. This event marked a change in the status of Tunisia as an Arab state. Tunisia also has many religious buildings like mosques, churches, synagogues, temples and other institutions. It is also rich in natural resources such as oil, gas and minerals. The country has several historical sites including ruins of ancient cities and pyramids like Giza and Maqam el-Fadil. Tunisia's economy is based on services sector, which includes banking, financial, tourism, healthcare, communications, manufacturing and other sectors. There are many private and public companies in the country. Tunisian currency is called FCAD or Franca. It is used throughout the country for business transactions and financial operations. The political system of Tunisia is a presidential one with 195 members of the National Assembly representing 20% of the total population. The president is elected by popular vote, after which he becomes prime minister. The government is headed by Prime Minister Raphaël Tadros. It has a strong secular and Islamic component. Tunisia's economy depends heavily on tourism sector as it produces more than one billion barrels of oil per year. The country has a strong military based on the Islamic principles. It has a large navy, air force, artillery and other military equipment. There are many universities and research institutes in Tunisia. Some of the leading companies in Tunisia like Alstom, Nasser Group and Suez Canal Company are headquartered in Tunis. Tunisia is one of the largest cities in Africa and it has been recognized as the "World's Most Beautiful City" according to UNESCO in 2018. It also has many museums, monuments, cultural centers and other cultural attractions. The country's population has changed over time due to migration and emigration from different countries like Turkey, Algeria, Egypt, Libya, etc. Tunisia is considered as a melting pot of different nationalities and cultures. It is also known for its strong social and religious diversity. The country is divided into three major regions: North (in the west), Center (in the central part of the country) and South (in the east).
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