Definition: The word "Equatorial Guinea" is a Spanish language name for a country located in the western part of Africa, particularly in the equatorial zone. It is also known as the Southern Equatorial Guinea. The word is derived from the Portuguese colonial era and refers to the region's geographical characteristics: it has an area of about 275,000 square kilometers (109,300 sq mi) located in the northern part of the country and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean on the east and southwest. The name "Equatorial Guinea" was officially adopted in 1864 after it was admitted to the Kingdom of Portugal. The country gained independence from Portugal in 1975, with President Francisco Varela being its first president. It has been a Portuguese colony since its independence, but is recognized as an independent country by the United Nations. The country's capital and largest city is Equatorial Guinea City. Its main economic activity is mining, particularly gold, while agriculture is also important. The language spoken in Equatorial Guinea is Spanish, which is a Romance language.
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