Definition: Actinoids are organic molecules that include the phospholipids from which actin fibers, the proteins that form them, are made. These molecules are essential in maintaining the structure and function of cells. The term "actinoids" has been coined to distinguish between two types of molecules that are involved in cell membrane dynamics: Actin (a protein) and Myosin (a type of ATPase). Actin is a phospholipid composed of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), phosphatidylinositol 4,3-bisphosphate (PI3K), and phosphatidylinositol 4,6-bisphosphate (PIP3). Myosin is a type of ATPase that works to move actin filaments along the cell membrane. The two proteins are linked through their cytoplasmic tail, which contains specific residues that are phosphorylated by phosphatases and allow for the transfer of electrons from one molecule to another. Actin has been shown to play a critical role in many cellular processes, including motility, cell-cell adhesion, and muscle contraction. It is involved in the formation of microtubules and other actin filaments that form the cellιͺ¨ζΆη³»η»οΌwhich is essential for cell structure and function.
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