Definition: Archaeological refers to examining, studying, or understanding past cultures and societies using documented historical records and artifacts from that time period. It encompasses a wide range of disciplines and techniques used in archaeological studies, including archaeology, anthropology, archeology, history, linguistics, geology, and more. The word has multiple meanings depending on the context: Archaeological research may refer to an academic inquiry into ancient or prehistoric cultures; archaeologists study the physical remains of past societies and their associated artifacts; it can also include archaeological surveying, excavation, and preservation techniques for cultural heritage sites and historical monuments.