Definition: The word "arithmetic" means "the science of numbers and calculation." It is a branch of mathematics that deals with how numbers can be used to represent, analyze, and manipulate data. Arithmetic includes topics such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, rounding, and other operations on numbers. Arithmetic has been around for many centuries and has developed from ancient times to modern times. The earliest known use of arithmetic was in the Babylonian and Egyptian civilizations, where it was used for counting and measuring things. However, it wasn't until the Middle Ages that algebra began to appear, which dealt with equations and rules that could be applied in a more complex way. In today's world, arithmetic is used in various fields, including finance, science, engineering, business, and more. It has become an important tool for solving problems and making calculations.